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CentOS6にMySQLをインストールしたときの備忘録です。
yumコマンドを利用してMySQLパッケージをインストールしました。
以下のコマンドでインストールすることができます。
yum -y install mysql-server
インストール後、rootにてmysqlコマンドを利用してcharacter_setを確認してみると以下のように出力されました。
[root@centos6 ~]# mysql Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 4 Server version: 5.1.61 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show variables like "char%"; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | latin1 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | latin1 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.00 sec)
character-set-server = utf8を追記する。
[mysqld] datadir=/var/lib/mysql socket=/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock user=mysql # Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security risks symbolic-links=0 character-set-server = utf8 [mysqld_safe] log-error=/var/log/mysqld.log pid-file=/var/run/mysqld/mysqld.pid
追記してmysqldを再起動した後の結果です。
character_set_database, character_set_serverがutf8に変更されました。
mysql> show variables like "char%"; +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | Variable_name | Value | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ | character_set_client | latin1 | | character_set_connection | latin1 | | character_set_database | utf8 | | character_set_filesystem | binary | | character_set_results | latin1 | | character_set_server | utf8 | | character_set_system | utf8 | | character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ | +--------------------------+----------------------------+ 8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
character_set_clientなども変更したい場合は、
[mysql] default-character-set=utf8
を/etc/my.cnfに追記してください。
yumコマンドによりmysqldをインストールした後、以下のコマンドでmysqldを起動するとメッセージが表示されます。
service mysqld start
[root@centos6 ~]# service mysqld start MySQL データベースを初期化中: WARNING: The host 'centos6' could not be looked up with resolveip. This probably means that your libc libraries are not 100 % compatible with this binary MySQL version. The MySQL daemon, mysqld, should work normally with the exception that host name resolving will not work. This means that you should use IP addresses instead of hostnames when specifying MySQL privileges ! Installing MySQL system tables... OK Filling help tables... OK To start mysqld at boot time you have to copy support-files/mysql.server to the right place for your system PLEASE REMEMBER TO SET A PASSWORD FOR THE MySQL root USER ! To do so, start the server, then issue the following commands: /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root password 'new-password' /usr/bin/mysqladmin -u root -h centos6 password 'new-password' Alternatively you can run: /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation which will also give you the option of removing the test databases and anonymous user created by default. This is strongly recommended for production servers. See the manual for more instructions. You can start the MySQL daemon with: cd /usr ; /usr/bin/mysqld_safe & You can test the MySQL daemon with mysql-test-run.pl cd /usr/mysql-test ; perl mysql-test-run.pl Please report any problems with the /usr/bin/mysqlbug script!
mysql_secure_installationにより、MySQLの設定(セキュリティ回りなど)を行うことができます。
mysql_secure_installationを調べると、シェルスクリプトのようです。
[root@centos6 ~]# file `which mysql_secure_installation` /usr/bin/mysql_secure_installation: POSIX shell script text executable
mysql_secure_installationを実行したときの出力です。
[root@centos6 ~]# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
MySQLのrootパスワードを入力します。
設定していないので、Enterキーを押します。
OK, successfully used password, moving on... Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL root user without the proper authorisation. Set root password? [Y/n] Y New password: Re-enter new password: Password updated successfully! Reloading privilege tables.. ... Success!
デフォルトではYになっていますが、一応Yを入力しました。
MySQLのrootパスワードを設定します。
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a production environment. Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] Y ... Success!
匿名ユーザの削除をするか聞かれたのでYを入力しEnterで削除しました。
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network. Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] Y ... Success!
外部からのrootによるログインを許可するかを聞いてきたのでYを押してEnterで不許可にしました。
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] Y - Dropping test database... ... Success! - Removing privileges on test database... ... Success!
testデータベースの削除をするのか？と聞いてきたのでYを押してEnterでtestデータベースを削除しました。
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far will take effect immediately. Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] Y ... Success!
設定の反映を行うか？と聞いてきたのでYを押してEnterで設定を反映させました。
Cleaning up... All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL installation should now be secure. Thanks for using MySQL!
CentOSではcheckconfigコマンドによりon/offすることができます。
以下のコマンドにより、mysqldをサーバ立ち上げ時にon/offすることができます。
本コマンドはrootユーザで実行してください。
chkconfig mysqld on
chkconfig mysqld off
chkconfig --list | grep mysql
以下のコマンドでMySQLにログインしてみます。
mysql -u root -p
Enter Passwordで入力するパスワードは、上記のmysql_secure_installationコマンドで設定したパスワードになります。
[sakura@centos6 ~]$ mysql -u root -p Enter password: Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g. Your MySQL connection id is 18 Server version: 5.1.61 Source distribution Copyright (c) 2000, 2011, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners. Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement. mysql> show databases; +--------------------+ | Database | +--------------------+ | information_schema | | mysql | +--------------------+ 2 rows in set (0.00 sec)
